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        1 - The Concept of "Self" and its Relation to Political Action in Hannah Arendt and Herbert Marcuse
        Mohammad Abedi Ardakani Mahmoud Alipour
        In connection with concept the self, There is abundant writings and works. Nevertheless, one of the definitions of the Self, Especially in modernist and postmodernist attitude, refers to space of independent and autonomous activism of subject, as can be seen in the Phra More
        In connection with concept the self, There is abundant writings and works. Nevertheless, one of the definitions of the Self, Especially in modernist and postmodernist attitude, refers to space of independent and autonomous activism of subject, as can be seen in the Phrase like Self-advancing, depend on themselves and did itself. Basically, the self concept among political thinkers is frequently observed. Two of the thinkers of the twentieth century that with this understanding of self have written, are Hannah Arendt and Herbert Marcuse. On one hand, by introducing the concept of "human diversity”, Arendt follows idea that introduce humans as self (subject) and reveal as distinct and free existent. And finally, this approach connects with the concept of action to introduce the human self as designator in the political system. On the other hand, is Herbert Marcuse that in One-Dimensional Man' book, is looking activation humans as active and independent selves from the grip of a kind of continuity that capitalist society has created. Therefore, as long as there is the continuity, Political action is also limited. Basically, common feature between Arendt and Marcuse can be noted to their efforts in activating the Human minds or selves and its connection to political activism. Fundamentally distinct concepts of self, in the Arendt and Marcuse thought, compared to the previous political philosophy, is that self in philosophy, is highly dependent on power, domination, Technology and Media. But these thinkers, with the connection of the subject to political action, attempt to renew subject, political activism. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        2 - The Relationship BetweenTruth and Politics in Fardid's Thought
        حاتم  قادری مسعود  غفاري محرم  طاهرخانی
        One of the most important philosophical and mystical concepts which Ahmad Fardid had brought up theorizing about it under the title of theosophy, is the concept of truth.the concept of truth is so important for Fardid that it embraces his whole contemplative atmospher More
        One of the most important philosophical and mystical concepts which Ahmad Fardid had brought up theorizing about it under the title of theosophy, is the concept of truth.the concept of truth is so important for Fardid that it embraces his whole contemplative atmosphere about all subjects from cosmology to theology and anthropology.In other word, one of the most basic subjects for becoming familiar with philosophical, mystical and political thoughts in Fardid's viewpoint knows the truth. However, on the other way,Fardid isn't considered political philosopher specifically. His viewpoint about history can have political consequences. So, issues relate to society and politics would be considered precious, moral and noteworthy to the extent to which they are connected to the truth and if political philosophy couldnot get near to the truth of the subject under investigation, it would become subject to criticism and in some cases being rejected. In theorizing the theosophy of history, Fardid makes a complicated and impregnable connection between the truth and politics and considers understanding of the truth prior to knowing the political subject. So he represents a new definition of politics which has been less taken into interpretation. The most important political implication of truth in Fardid theosophy viewpoint is to ignore and pay no attention to political action which causes the change in the essence and meaning of the political and causes the transformation and conversion of political action into mystical andspiritual act. The present text describes and interprets Fardid's thought in the case of truth and investigates the relationship and influence of this key concept in Fardid's theosophy and spiritual history on the political and political action. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        3 - Language and Politics: Pragmatic and Strategic Aspects of Language in Imam Khomeini's Leadership in the Process of Islamic Revolution in Iran
        seyedreza shakeri
        Islamic revolution realized in Iran under the leadership of a religious leader. Although the leader was in exile but he had strong connections with his followers despite his deprivation of communication means. This issue in this paper is the basis of reviewing the relat More
        Islamic revolution realized in Iran under the leadership of a religious leader. Although the leader was in exile but he had strong connections with his followers despite his deprivation of communication means. This issue in this paper is the basis of reviewing the relationship between language and politics; so the paper tries to explain pragmatic and strategic aspects of language in Imam Khomeini's leadership in the process of Islamic revolution. In the field of study of relationship between language and politics, there are two general approaches: politics as theory and knowledge and politics as power and the realm of collective action to sustain or to change the current situation. This paper, by focusing on the second approach and by using the theories of language competence and language pragmatics in the realm of media and in mobilization of mass, will try to examine influential functions and pragmatic aspects of language in Imam Khomeini's thoughts. The findings indicate that Imam Khomeini as a scholar in mystics, ethics and jurisprudence and by his own classification of Islamic sciences introduced the pragmatism as the core of those sciences and used the language along political and revolutionary actions. Mobilizing the mass, criticizing and opposing the current situation and inviting the people to realize the Islamic state are among Imam Khomeini's pragmatic aspects of leadership. Manuscript profile
      • Open Access Article

        4 - Application of Conceptual History in Understanding Political Thought and Action
        hossein sharifara morteza Bahrani seyed khodayar Mortazavi alasl Farid khatami
        Conceptual history is a theoretical approach to the modern understanding of political thought and action over time and in the context of sociopolitical transformations. In this approach, concepts are rooted in social developments; In such a way that with the change and More
        Conceptual history is a theoretical approach to the modern understanding of political thought and action over time and in the context of sociopolitical transformations. In this approach, concepts are rooted in social developments; In such a way that with the change and development in the society and the field of action, the concepts also change in terms of meaning and function. The question of this essay is how to understand and interpret the relationship between political practice and political theory and whether conceptual history can explain this relationship in a way that the researcher, besides exploring it, fulfills his responsibility of constructing a better society and a better world. The assumption is that conceptual history can both present the most appropriate interpretation of the quality of existence of affairs and opens horizon of future for intervening social affairs; in a way that the realm of the researcher’s action in a position of a theoretical actor is determined. Using descriptive and analytical method, this essay introduces conceptual history. This article seeks to comprehend and interpret conceptual history in the context of modern understanding. Manuscript profile